Wednesday, November 26, 2014

10 Proven Benefits of Green Tea

10 Proven Benefits of Green Tea 

Young Woman Making a Cup of Green TeaGreen tea is the healthiest beverage on the planet.
It is loaded with antioxidants and nutrients that have powerful effects on the body.
This includes improved brain function, fat loss, a lower risk of cancer and many other incredible benefits.
Here are 10 health benefits of green tea that have been confirmed in human research studies.

1. Green Tea Contains Various Bioactive Compounds That Can Improve Health

Green tea is more than just green liquid.
Many of the bioactive compounds in the tea leaves do make it into the final drink, which contains large amounts of important nutrients.
It is loaded with polyphenols like flavonoids and catechins, which function as powerful antioxidants (1).
These substances can reduce the formation of free radicals in the body, protecting cells and molecules from damage. These free radicals are known to play a role in aging and all sorts of diseases.
One of the more powerful compounds in green tea is the antioxidant Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), which has been studied to treat various diseases and may be one of the main reasons green tea has such powerful medicinal properties.
Green tea also has small amounts of minerals that are important for health.
Try to choose a higher quality brand of green tea, because some of the lower quality brands can contain excessive levels of fluoride (2).
That being said, even if you choose a lower quality brand, the benefits still far outweigh any risk.
Bottom Line: Green tea is loaded with bioactive compounds that can have various beneficial effects on health.

2. Compounds in Green Tea Can Improve Brain Function and Make You Smarter

A Cup of Green Tea
Green tea does more than just keep you awake, it can also make you smarter.
The key active ingredient is caffeine, which is a known stimulant.
It doesn’t contain as much as coffee, but enough to produce a response without causing the “jittery” effects associated with too much caffeine.
What caffeine does in the brain is to block an inhibitory neurotransmitter called Adenosine. This way, it actually increases the firing of neurons and the concentration of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine (3, 4).
Caffeine has been intensively studied before and consistently leads to improvements in various aspects of brain function, including improved mood, vigilance, reaction time and memory (5).
However… green tea contains more than just caffeine. It also has the amino acid L-theanine, which is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (6).
L-theanine increases the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, which has anti-anxiety effects. It also increases dopamine and the production of alpha waves in the brain (7, 8, 9).
Studies show that caffeine and L-theanine can have synergistic effects. Thecombination of the two is particularly potent at improving brain function (10).
Because of the L-theanine and the smaller dose of caffeine, green tea can give you a much milder and different kind of “buzz” than coffee.
Many people report having more stable energy and being much more productive when they drink green tea, compared to coffee.
Bottom Line: Green tea contains less caffeine than coffee, but enough to produce an effect. It also contains the amino acid L-theanine, which can work synergistically with caffeine to improve brain function.

3. Green Tea Increases Fat Burning and Improves Physical Performance

Tea Plant
If you look at the ingredients list for any fat burning supplement, chances are that green tea will be on there.
This is because green tea has been shown to increase fat burning and boost the metabolic rate, in human controlled trials (11, 12).
In one study in 10 healthy men, green tea increased energy expenditure by 4% (13).
Another study showed that fat oxidation was increased by 17%, indicating that green tea may selectively increase the burning of fat (14).
However, I’d like to point out that some studies on green tea don’t show any increase in metabolism, so the effects may depend on the individual (15).
Caffeine itself has also been shown to improve physical performance by mobilizing fatty acids from the fat tissues and making them available for use as energy (16, 17).
In two separate review studies, caffeine has been shown to increase physical performance by 11-12%, on average (18, 19).
Bottom Line: Green tea has been shown to boost the metabolic rate and increase fat burning in the short term, although not all studies agree.

4. Antioxidants in Green Tea May Lower Your Risk of Various Types of Cancer

Green Tea With Pot And Cups
Cancer is caused by uncontrolled growth of cells. It is one of the world’s leading causes of death.
It is well known that oxidative damage contributes to the development of cancer and that antioxidants can have a protective effect (20).
Green tea is an excellent source of powerful antioxidants, so it makes perfect sense that it could reduce your risk of cancer, which it appears to do:
  • Breast cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies found that whomen who drank the most green tea had a 22% lower risk of developing breast cancer, the most common cancer in women (21).
  • Prostate cancer: One study found that men drinking green tea had a 48% lower risk of developing prostate cancer, which is the most common cancer in men (22).
  • Colorectal cancer: A study of 69,710 Chinese women found that green tea drinkers had a 57% lower risk of colorectal cancer (23).
Multiple other observational studies show that green tea drinkers are significantly less likely to get various types of cancer (24, 25, 26).
It is important to keep in mind that it may be a bad idea to put milk in your tea, because it can reduce the antioxidant value (27).
Bottom Line: Green tea has powerful antioxidants that may protect against cancer. Multiple studies show that green tea drinkers have a lower risk of various types of cancer.

5. Green Tea May Protect Your Brain in Old Age, Lowering Your Risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s

Elderly Man And Woman Holding Cups of Tea
Not only can green tea improve brain function in the short term, it may also protect your brain in old age.
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease in humans and a leading cause of dementia.
Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and involves the death of dopamine producing neurons in the brain.
Multiple studies show that the catechin compounds in green tea can have various protective effects on neurons in test tubes and animal models, potentally lowering the risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s (28, 29, 30).
Bottom Line: The bioactive compounds in green tea can have various protective effects on neurons and may reduce the risk of both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, the two most common neurodegenerative disorders.

6. Green Tea Can Kill Bacteria, Which Improves Dental Health and Lowers Your Risk of Infection

Green Tea in a Wooden Spoon
The catechins in green tea have other biological effects as well.
Some studies show that they can kill bacteria and inhibit viruses like the influenza virus, potentially lowering your risk of infections (31, 32, 33, 34).
Streptococcus mutans is the primary harmful bacteria in the mouth. It causes plaque formation and is a leading contributor to cavities and tooth decay.
Studies show that the catechins in green tea can inhibit the growth of streptococcus mutans. Green tea consumption is associated with improved dental health and a lower risk of caries (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40).
Another awesome benefit of green tea… multiple studies show that it can reduce bad breath (41, 42).
Bottom Line: The catechins in green tea may inhibit the growth of bacteria and some viruses. This can lower the risk of infections and lead to improvements in dental health, a lower risk of caries and reduced bad breath.

7. Green Tea May Lower Your Risk of Type II Diabetes

Iced Tea in a Glass
Type II diabetes is a disease that has reached epidemic proportions in the past few decades and now afflicts about 300 million people worldwide.
This disease involves having elevated blood sugar levels in the context of insulin resistance or an inability to produce insulin.
Studies show that green tea can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood sugar levels (43, 44).
One study in Japanese individuals found that those who drank the most green tea had a 42% lower risk of developing type II diabetes (45).
According to a review of 7 studies with a total of 286,701 individuals, green tea drinkers had an 18% lower risk of becoming diabetic (46).
Bottom Line: Some controlled trials show that green tea can cause mild reductions in blood sugar levels. It may also lower the risk of developing type II diabetes in the long term.

8. Green Tea May Reduce Your Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Powdered Green Tea
Cardiovascular diseases, including heart disease and stroke, are the biggest causes of death in the world (47).
Studies show that green tea can improve some of the main risk factors for these diseases.
This includes total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides (48).
Green tea also dramatically increases the antioxidant capability of the blood, which protects the LDL cholesterol particles from oxidation, which is one part of the pathway towards heart disease (49, 50, 51).
Given the beneficial effects on risk factors, it is not surprising to see that green tea drinkers have up to a 31% lower risk of cardiovascular disease (52, 53, 54).
Bottom Line: Green tea has been shown to lower total and LDL cholesterol, as well as protect the LDL particles from oxidation. Observational studies show that green tea drinkers have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.

9. Green Tea Can Help You Lose Weight and Lower Your Risk of Becoming Obese

Cup of Green Tea With Leaves
Given that green tea can boost the metabolic rate in the short term, it makes sense that it could help you lose weight.
Several studies show that green tea leads to decreases in body fat, especially in the abdominal area (55, 56, 57).
One of these studies was a randomized controlled trial in 240 men and women that went on for 12 weeks. In this study, the green tea group had significant decreases in body fat percentage, body weight, waist circumference and abdominal fat (58).
However, some studies don’t show a statistically significant increases in weight loss with green tea, so this needs to be taken with a grain of salt (59).
Bottom Line: Some studies show that green tea leads to increased weight loss. It is particularly effective at reducing the dangerous abdominal fat.

10. Green Tea May Decrease Your Risk of Dying and Help You Live Longer

Glass And Bag of Tea
Of course, we all have to die eventually. That is inevitable.
However, given that green tea drinkers are at a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, it makes sense that it could help you live longer.
In a study of 40,530 Japanese adults, those who drank the most green tea (5 or more cups per day) were significantly less likely to die during an 11 year period (60):
  • Death of all causes: 23% lower in women, 12% lower in men.
  • Death from heart disease: 31% lower in women, 22% lower in men.
  • Death from stroke: 42% lower in women, 35% lower in men.
Source : http://authoritynutrition.com/top-10-evidence-based-health-benefits-of-green-tea/

Wednesday, January 15, 2014

Drink green tea for healthy heart


Drink green tea for healthy heart :



Drink green tea for healthy heart
Drink green tea for healthy heart (Thinkstock photos/Getty Images)
Most of us begin our day with a cup of tea and an expert suggests replacing the commonly consumed black tea with green tea.

Anil Bansal, chief cardiologist, Columbia Asia Hospital, Gurgaon, shares the benefits of green tea for the heart

- The antioxidants in green tea help to burn fat. The fat accumulation leads to blockage of heart. If we drink green tea at least once a day we can reduce the risk of heart ailments.

- It is also recommended for those who have suffered from heart ailment as green tea can make the heart strong.

- This type of tea increases the good cholesterol and reduces the bad cholestrol in one's body.

In addition to these, do the following to keep the heart pumping strongly:

- Ask your doctor for a cholesterol blood test
- Lose weight if you are overweight
- Exercise
- Quit smoking
- Cut down on carbohydrates
- Add fibre to your diet.

Tuesday, January 14, 2014

рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдоोрд▓ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджिрдХ рдЯिрдк्рд╕...

рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдоोрд▓ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджिрдХ рдЯिрдк्рд╕...

рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджिрдХ рдо्рд╣рдЯрд▓्рдпा рдмрд░ोрдмрд░ рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рдордиाрдд рдк्рд░рдердо рдпेрддं "рдкрд░िрдгाрдо рд╣рд│ू рд╣ोрдд рдЕрд╕рд▓ा рддрд░ी рд╕ाрдИрдб-рдЗрдлेрдХ्рдЯ рдирд╕рддाрдд". рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджाрдордзे рдЕрддिрд╢рдп рдЬрд▓рдж рдкрд░िрдгाрдордХाрд░ी рдФрд╖рдзे рдЖрд╣ेрдд рд╣्рдпाрд╡рд░ рдЖрдкрд▓ा рдЖрддा рдирдХ्рдХी рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ाрд╕ рдмрд╕ेрд▓. рд╡рд░्рд╖ाрдиुрд╡рд░्рд╖ рд╕рддрдд рдЕрдн्рдпाрд╕ рдХेрд▓्рдпाрд╡рд░ рдЕрд╕ा рдЕрдиुрднрд╡ рдпेрддो рдХी рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджाрдд рдирдоूрдж рдХेрд▓ेрд▓ी рдФрд╖рдзे рд╡ рдЖрд░ोрдЧ्рдп рд╡िрд╖рдпрдХ рдоूрд▓рднूрдд рд╕िрдз्рджांрдд рд╣े рдд्рд░िрдХाрд▓ाрдмाрдзिрдд рд╕рдд्рдп рдЖрд╣ेрдд. рдкिрдд्рддрд╢рдорди рдФрд╖рдзे рд╡ рдоेрджрдиाрд╢рдХ рдФрд╖рдзांрдЪी рдЬोрдбी рдоेрдж рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдХрд╢ी рдХाрд░्рдп рдХрд░рддे рд╣्рдпा рд╡िрд╖рдпी рдеोрдбрдХ्рдпाрдд рдоाрд╣ीрддी рдмрдШूрдпा. рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рджोрди рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдХ्рд░िрдпा рд╣ोрдгे рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдЖрд╣े. рдк्рд░рдердо рдЖрд╣ाрд░ाрд╡рд░ рдиिрдпंрдд्рд░рдг рд╡ рджुрд╕рд░े рдоेрдж рд╡िрд▓рдпрди рдХрд░ूрди рддो рд╢рд░ीрд░ा рдмाрд╣ेрд░ рдХाрдврдгे. рд╣्рдпाрд▓ा рдоेрджрдиाрд╢рдХ рдФрд╖рдзांрдЪा (рдерд░्рдоोрдЬेрдиिрдХ рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рдКрд╖्рдоा рд╡ाрдврд╡िрдгाрд░ी рдФрд╖рдзे) рдЙрдкрдпोрдЧ рдХрд░ाрд╡ा рд▓ाрдЧрддो. рдЪрд░рдмी рдХिंрд╡ा рдоेрдж рд╣ा рдоेрдгाрд╕ाрд░рдЦा рдЕрд╕рддो. рдКрд╖्рдгрддेрдоुрд│े рд╕рд╣рдЬ рд╡िрддрд│рддो рдЕрд░्рдеाрддрдЪ рдеंрдбрдкрдгाрдоुрд│े рдЧोрдаूрди рдПрдХा рдаिрдХाрдгी рдкрдХ्рдХा рдмрд╕рддो. рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рдоेрдж рдиाрд╢рдХ рдФрд╖рдзे рд╕्рд╡ाрднाрд╡िрдХрдкрдгे рдкिрдд्рддाрдЪी рд╡ाрдв рдХрд░рддाрдд. рдд्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдЖрдкोрдЖрдк рднूрдХрд╣ी рд╡ाрдврддे. рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рдЕрд╢ा рдФрд╖рдзांрдоुрд│े рдШрд╢ाрд╢ी рдЖंрдмрдЯ/рдХрдбू рдпेрдгे, рдЫाрддीрдд рдЬрд│рдЬрд│ рд╣ोрдгे рдЕрд╢ी рд▓рдХ्рд╖рдгे рд╣ोрдК рд▓ाрдЧрддाрдд. рд╢िрд╡ाрдп рдФрд╖рдз рдШेрдгे рдмंрдж рдХेрд▓्рдпाрдиंрддрд░ рднूрдХ рд╡ाрдврддे рд╡ рдЕрди्рди рдЬाрд╕्рдд рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рдЦाрд▓्рд▓े рдЬाрддे. рдкिрдд्рддрд╢рдорди рдФрд╖рдз рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдзी рдШेрдг्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдкिрдд्рдд рд╕्рд░ाрд╡ рдХрдоी рд╣ोрддो, рднूрдХ рд╕ौрдо्рдп рд╣ोрддे рд╢िрд╡ाрдп рдКрд╖्рдоा рд╡ाрдврд╡िрдгाрд░ी рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬेрдЪ рдоेрджрдиाрд╢рдХ рдФрд╖рдзांрдЪ्рдпा рдКрд╖्рдг рдЧुрдгांрдкाрд╕ूрди рдЖрддрдб्рдпांрдЪ्рдп рдиाрдЬुрдХ рдЖрд╡рд░рдгाрдЪे рд╕ंрд░рдХ्рд╖рдг рд╣ोрддे. рд╣ी рдк्рд░рдХ्рд░िрдпा рдпोрдЧ्рдп рд░ीрддीрдиे рд╣ोрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдкिрдд्рддрд╢рдорди реи рдЧोрд│्рдпा рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рджोрди рддे рддीрди рддाрд╕ рдЖрдзी рдШ्рдпाрд╡्рдпाрдд рд╡ рдоेрджрдиाрд╢рдХ рдЪ्рдпा реи рдЧोрд│्рдпा рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдиंрддрд░ рд▓рдЧेрдЪ рдШ्рдпाрд╡्рдпाрдд. рдЖрдкрд▓ा рдЖрд╣ाрд░-рд╡िрд╣ाрд░ рд╣ा рд╢рд░ीрд░ाрддीрд▓ рд╕рд░्рд╡ рдШрдбाрдоोрдбींрд╕ाрдаी рдХाрд░рдгीрднूрдд рдЕрд╕рддो. рдд्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдЖрд╣ाрд░-рд╡िрд╣ाрд░ рдЖрд╣े рддрд╕ाрдЪ рдЪाрд▓ू рдаेрд╡ूрди рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪा рдк्рд░рдпрдд्рди рдХрд░рдгे рдЪुрдХीрдЪे рдард░ेрд▓. рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рде рдХिंрд╡ा рддрд│рд▓ेрд▓े/рддुрдкрдХрдЯ рдкрджाрд░्рде рдЯाрд│рд▓े рдкाрд╣िрдЬेрдд рд╣ी рдмाрдм рдЕрдЧрджी рд▓рд╣ाрди рдоुрд▓ांрдиा рдкрдг рдоाрд╣िрддी рдЕрд╕рддे. рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджाрдиुрд╕ाрда ? рдЖрд░ोрдЧ्рдп рд╡िрд╖рдпрдХ рдоूрд▓рднूрдд рд╕िрдз्рджांрддांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдзाрд░े рдХाрд╣ी рд▓рд╣ाрди-рд╕рд╣ाрди рдЧोрд╖्рдЯी рдЕрдорд▓ाрдд рдЖрдгрд▓्рдпा рддрд░ рдкрд░िрдгाрдо рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рд╣ोрддो рд╡ рдк्рд░рдХृрддी рдЙрдд्рддрдо рд░ाрд╣рддे. рд╣ी рдоाрд╣िрддी рд╡ाрдЪрддांрдиा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдХाрд╣ी рдЧोрд╖्рдЯी рдХрджाрдЪिрдд рдЪुрдХीрдЪ्рдпा рдХिंрд╡ा рдк्рд░рд╡ाрд╣ाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡िрд░ुрдз्рдж рд╡ाрдЯрддीрд▓, рдкрдг рд╣्рдпा рдЧोрд╖्рдЯी рдЕрдиेрдХ рдкिрдв्рдпांрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрдиुрднрд╡ाрддूрди рд╕िрдз्рдж рдЭाрд▓ेрд▓्рдпा рдЖрд╣ेрдд.




рез) рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рде рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рд╢ेрд╡рдЯी рдЦाрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдПрдХ рдк्рд░рдеा рдЖрд╣े. рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджाрдиुрд╕ाрд░ рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рде рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ुрд░ुрд╡ाрддीрд▓ा рдЦाрд╡ेрдд, рд╢ेрд╡рдЯी рдЦाрдгे рдпोрдЧ्рдп рдиाрд╣ी. рдЕрддिрд░िрдХ्рдд рдЪрд░рдмी рд╡ाрдврдг्рдпाрдЪे рд╣े рдПрдХ рдорд╣рдд्рдд्рд╡ाрдЪे рдХाрд░рдг рдЖрд╣े. рд╣ा рдоुрдж्рджा рдиीрдЯ рд╕рдордЬрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдПрдХ рдк्рд░рдпोрдЧ рд╕्рд╡рддः рдХрд░ूрди рдкрд╣ा. рдПрдХ рджिрд╡рд╕ рдиेрд╣рдоीрдЪे рдЬेрд╡рдг рдЭाрд▓्рдпाрдиंрддрд░ рдард░ाрд╡िрдХ рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рдХाрд╣ी рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рде рдЦा. рез-реи рджिрд╡рд╕ांрдиी рддोрдЪ рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рде рддेрд╡рдв्рдпाрдЪ рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ुрд░ुрд╡ाрддीрд▓ा рдЦा. рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдирд╣рдоीрдкेрдХ्рд╖ा рдиिрдо्рдоे рдЬेрд╡рдг рдЬाрдИрд▓. рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬेрдЪ рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдЬрд╡рдвी рдЦрд░ी рднूрдХ рдЖрд╣े рддेрд╡рдвेрдЪ рдЕрди्рди рдШेрддрд▓े рдЬाрддे, рдЕрдиाрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдХिंрд╡ा рдЕрд╡ाрдЬрд╡ी рдЕрди्рди рдШेрдгे рдЕрд╢ा рдк्рд░рдХाрд░े рд╕рд╣рдЬ рдЯाрд│рддा рдпेрдК рд╢рдХрддे. рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдиंрддрд░ рдкाрди рдЦाрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдкрдз्рджрдд рдпोрдЧ्рдпрдЪ рдирд╡्рд╣े рддрд░ рд╢ाрд╕्рдд्рд░ीрдп рдЖрд╣े. рд╣्рдпाрдЪा рдЕрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдд्рдпेрдХाрдиे рдкाрди рдЦाрд╡े рдЕрд╕ा рди рдШेрддा, рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪा рд╢ेрд╡рдЯ рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рдеाрдиे рдХрд░ू рдирдпे, рдПрд╡рдвा рдЕрд░्рде рдирдХ्рдХीрдЪ рдШेрддрд▓ा рдкाрд╣िрдЬे. рд╢рд░ीрд░ाрд▓ा рд╣рд▓рдХेрдкрдгा рдЖрдгрдг्рдпाрдЪा рд╣ा рдЕрдЧрджी рд╕рд╣рдЬ рд╕ोрдкा рдЙрдкाрдп рдЖрд╣े.

реи) рд╕рд░्рд╡ рдлрд│ांрдордзे рдХрдоी-рдЬाрд╕्рдд рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рдЕрд╕рддे. рдд्рдпा рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрд▓ा рдЙрддाрд░ा рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рдиिрд╕рд░्рдЧाрдиे рд╕ोрдмрдд рдХрдбू-рддुрд░рдЯ рдЪрд╡ीрдЪ्рдпा рдмिрдпा рд╡ рд╕ाрд▓ी рджिрд▓्рдпा рдЖрд╣ेрдд. рдмिрдпा рд╡ рд╕ाрд▓ींрдордзे рдЕрдзिрдХ рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рдЬीрд╡рдирд╕рдд्рд╡ рдЕрд╕рддाрдд. рдЖрдкрдг рдлрдХ्рдд рдЪрд╡ीрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ुрдЦाрдиुрднрд╡ा рдкाрдпी рд╣ी рдЬीрд╡рдирд╕рдд्рд╡ рд╡ाрдпा рдШाрд▓рд╡рддो. рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪा рдиिрд╢्рдЪрдп рдХेрд▓ेрд▓्рдпांрдиी рд╕рд╣рдЬ рд╢рдХ्рдп рд╣ोрддीрд▓ рддेрд╡рдв्рдпा рдмिрдпा рд╡ рд╕ाрд▓ी рдлेрдХूрди рджेрдК рдирдпेрдд.

рей) рдЪрд░рдмी рдХिंрд╡ा рдоेрдж рд╣ा рдоेрдгाрд╕ाрд░рдЦा рдЕрд╕рддो. рдКрд╖्рдгрддेрдоुрд│े рд╕рд╣рдЬ рд╡िрддрд│рддो рдЕрд░्рдеाрддрдЪ рдеंрдбрдкрдгाрдоुрд│े рдЧोрдаूрди рдПрдХा рдаिрдХाрдгी рдкрдХ्рдХा рдмрд╕рддो. рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЦрд░ी рдЗрдЪ्рдЫा рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рдеंрдб рдкाрдгी, рдХोрд▓्рдб рдб्рд░िंрдХ्рд╕ рдХिंрд╡ा рдЗрддрд░ рдеंрдб рдкрджाрд░्рде рдШेрдгे рд╡рд░्рдЬ्рдп рдХрд░ा. рдЪрд░рдмीрдЪ्рдпा рдиिрдпंрдд्рд░рдгाрд╕ाрдаी рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдЖрдкрдгрд╣ूрди рдКрд╖्рдг рд╕्рд╡рднाрд╡ी рдкाрдЪрдХ-рд╕्рд░ाрд╡ рддрдпाрд░ рдХрд░ीрдд рдЕрд╕рддे. рдоेрджाрдЪ्рдпा рдиिрдпंрдд्рд░рдгाрд╕ाрдаी рд╡рд░्рдгрди рдХेрд▓ेрд▓ी рдмрд╣ुрддेрдХ рд╕рд░्рд╡ рдФрд╖рдзे рдкाрдЪрдХ-рд╕्рд░ाрд╡ рд╡ाрдврд╡ूрдирдЪ рдЪрд░рдмी рдХрдоी рдХрд░рддाрдд. рдЕрди्рди рдШेрддрд▓्рдпाрдиंрддрд░ рд▓рдЧेрдЪ рдеंрдб рдкाрдгी, рдХोрд▓्рдб рдб्рд░िंрдХ्рд╕, рд▓рд╕्рд╕ी, рдЖрдИрд╕рдХ्рд░ीрдо рдХिंрд╡ा рдЗрддрд░ рдеंрдб рдкрджाрд░्раК?? рдШेрдг्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдд्рдпा рдкाрдЪрдХ-рд╕्рд░ाрд╡ांрдЪा рдкрд░िрдгाрдо рдПрдХрджрдо рд╕ौрдо्рдп рд╣ोрддो рдЖрдгि рдЪрд░рдмी рд╕ाрдаूрди рд░ाрд╣рдг्рдпрд╕ाрдаी рдХाрд░рдг рд╣ोрддे. рдЕрди्рди рдкрдЪрд╡рдгाрд░े рдкाрдЪрдХ-рд╕्рд░ाрд╡ рд╡िрд╕्рддрд╡ा рд╕ाрд░рдЦे рдКрд╖्рдг рдЕрд╕рддाрдд. рдд्рдпाрд╡рд░ рдеंрдб рдкрджाрд░्рде рдХिंрд╡ा рдеंрдб рдкाрдгी рдУрддрд▓्рдпाрд╡рд░ рдХाрдп рд╣ोрдИрд▓ рд╣्рдпाрдЪा рдЖрдкрдгрдЪ рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдХрд░ा.

рек) рдЪрд╣ा-рдХॉрдлी рд╕ाрд░рдЦी рд╕ाрдЦрд░рдпुрдХ्рдд рдкेрдп рджिрд╡рд╕ाрддूрди рджोрди рдкेрдХ्рд╖ा рдЬाрд╕्рдд рд╡ेрд│ा рдШेрдК рдирдпेрдд. рдд्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдШोрдЯा рдШोрдЯा рдмрд░ोрдмрд░ рдкोрдЯाрдд рдЬाрдгाрд░ी рд╕рдЦрд░ рдирдХрд│рддрдкрдгे рдЪрд░рдмी рд╡ाрдврд╡िрдг्рдпाрд╕ рдХाрд░рдг рд╣ोрддे.

рел) рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдиंрддрд░ рдХрдзीрд╣ी рд▓рдЧेрдЪ рдЭोрдкू рдирдпे. рд╢рддрдкाрд╡рд▓ी рдХрд░рдгे рдЪांрдЧрд▓े. рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдиंрддрд░ рдпेрдгाрд░ी рдЭोрдк рд╣ी рдЦрд░ी рдЭोрдк рдирд╕ूрди рддी рдХेрд╡рд│ рд╕ुрд╕्рддी рдЕрд╕рддे рдЬ्рдпाрдиे рд╢рд░ीрд░ाрдЪा рдмोрдЬрдбрдкрдгा рд╡ाрдвीрд╕ рд▓ाрдЧрддो. рд╡ाрдордХुрдХ्рд╖ीрдЪ्рдпा рдиाрд╡ाрдЦाрд▓ी рдбाрд░ाрдбूрд░ рдЭोрдк рдХाрдврдгे рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рд╡рдЬрди рд╡ाрдвीрд▓ा рд╡ рдПрдХंрджрд░िрдд рд░ोрдЧрд░ाрдИрд▓ा рдЖрдЧ्рд░рд╣ाрдЪे рдЖрдоंрдд्рд░рдг рджेрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрд░рдЦेрдЪ рдЖрд╣े.

рем) рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рдЭोрдкूрди рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рдЙрдаाрд╡े, рд╣ा рдиिрдпрдо рдЖрд░ोрдЧ्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЦрд░ोрдЦрд░ рд▓ाрдЦ рдоोрд▓ाрдЪा рдЖрд╣े. рдЙрд╢ीрд░ा рдЭोрдкूрди рдЙрд╢ीрд░ा рдЙрдардгाрд░े рд╢ेрдХрдбा рдирд╡्рд╡рдж рдЯрдХ्рдХे рд▓ोрдХ рддрдм्рдмेрддीрдиे рдЬाрдбрдЬूрдб рдЕрд╕рддाрдд рдЕрд╕े рдЖрдврд│ूрди рдпेрддे.

рен) рджूрдз рд╡ рджुрдзाрдЪे рдкрджाрд░्рде рдиिрдпрдоिрддрдкрдгे рдШेрдК рдирдпेрдд. рджुрдзाрддीрд▓ рдкौрд╖्рдЯिрдХ рдк्рд░рдеिрдиांрдЪी рдХिंрд╡ा рдкिрд╖्рдЯрдордп рдкрджाрд░्рдеांрдЪी рдЧрд░рдЬ рднाрдЧрд▓्рдпाрдиंрддрд░ рд╣े рдкрджाрд░्рде рдШेрдгे рдЪाрд▓ूрдЪ рдаेрд╡рд▓े рддрд░ рдд्рдпांрдЪे рд░ूрдкांрддрд░ рдЪрд░рдмीрдд рд╣ोрддे. рджुрдзाрдЪे рджाрдд рдкрдбрд▓े рдХी рдиिрдпрдоिрддрдкрдгे рджूрдз рдкिрдгे рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдирд╕рддे рд╣े рд▓рдХ्рд╖ाрдд рдаेрд╡ाрд╡े.

рео) рдиिрд╕рд░्рдЧाрдЪ्рдпा рдиिрд░्рдоाрдд्рдпाрдиे рдордиुрд╖्рдп рд╢рд░ीрд░ाрдЪी рд░рдЪрдиा рд╣ी рдоांрд╕ाрд╣ाрд░ рдкрдЪрдиाрд╕ाрдаी рдХेрд▓ेрд▓ीрдЪ рдиाрд╣ी . рдЬ्рдпांрдиा рдоांрд╕ाрд╣ाрд░ рдХेрд▓्рдпाрд╢िрд╡ाрдп рдЪैрди рдкрдбрдд рдиाрд╣ी рдд्рдпांрдиी рдЖрдард╡рдб्рдпाрддूрди рдПрдХ рдХिंрд╡ा рдЬрд╕्рддीрдд рдЬाрд╕्рдд рджोрди рдЬेрд╡рдгाрддрдЪ рдорд░्рдпाрджिрдд рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рдоांрд╕ाрд╣ाрд░ рдШ्рдпाрд╡ा.

реп) рдмैрда्рдпा рдХाрдоाрдоुрд│े рдоेрдж рд╡ाрдврддो. рд╕рддрдд рдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд╖рдо рд░ाрд╣ा, рд╕ुрд╕्рддी рдЖрдгि рдЖрд│рд╢ीрдкрдгा рдЯाрд│ा. рджाрд░ाрд╡рд░рдЪी рдмेрд▓ рд╡ाрдЬрд▓ी рдХी ‘рджुрд╕рд░ा рдХोрдгी рдЙрдардг्рдпाрдЖрдзी рдЖрдкрдг рджाрд░ рдЙрдШрдбрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЙрдаा’. рдЕрд╢ा рд╕ाрдз्рдпा-рд╕ोрдк्рдпा рд╕рд╡рдпी рдЕंрдЧी рдмाрд│рдЧрдг्рдпाрдоुрд│े рд╢ाрд░ीрд░िрдХ рд╣ाрд▓рдЪाрд▓ी рд╡ाрдвूрди рд╡рдЬрди рд╡ाрдврдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕рд╡рдп рдХрдоी рд╣ोрддे.

резреж) рджुрдкाрд░ी рдЭोрдкрдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕рд╡рдп рдХेрд╡рд│ рд╡рдЬрди рд╡ाрдврдг्рдпाрдЪ्рда ?ा рджृрд╖्рдЯिрдХोрдиाрддूрдирдЪ рдирд╡्рд╣े рддрд░ рдПрдХूрдг рдЖрд░ोрдЧ्рдпा рд╕ाрдаी рдкрдг рдЕрдд्рдпंрдд рд╣ाрдиिрдХाрд░рдХ рдЖрд╣े. рдЕрд╢ी рд╕рд╡рдп рд▓ाрдЧрд▓ी рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рддी рддाрдмрдбрддोрдм рд╕ोрдбाрд╡ी, рдЪांрдЧрд▓्рдпा рдоुрд╣ूрд░्рддाрдЪी рд╡ाрдЯ рдмрдШू рдирдпे. рд╕рд╡рдп рдоोрдбрддांрдиा рдХाрд╣ी рджिрд╡рд╕ рдд्рд░ाрд╕ рд╡ाрдЯेрд▓ рдкрдг рдХाрд▓ांрддрд░ाрдиे рд╣ोрдгाрд░े рдЪांрдЧрд▓े рдкрд░िрдгाрдо рдЕрддिрд╢рдп рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪे рдЖрд╣ेрдд рд╣े рд╡िрд╕рд░ूрди рдЪाрд▓рдгाрд░ рдиाрд╣ी.

резрез) рдЬेрд╡рдг рдЭाрд▓्рдпाрдиंрддрд░ “рдЖрддा рдкोрдЯ рднрд░рд▓े, рдЖрддा рдЖрдгрдЦीрди рдЕрди्рди рдирдХो” рд╣ा рд╕ंрджेрд╢ рдоेंрджूрддूрди рдиिрд░्рдоाрдг рд╣ोрддो. рдкोрдЯ рднрд░рд▓्рдпा рдиंрддрд░ резреж рддे резрел рдоिрдиिрдЯां рдиंрддрд░ рд╣ा рд╕ंрджेрд╢ рдиिрд░्рдоाрдг рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдпंрдд्рд░рдгा рдоेंрджूрддूрди рдХाрд░्рдпрд░рдд рд╣ोрддे. рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рд╕ाрдзाрд░рдг рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рдЕрди्рди рдШेрдКрди рдЭाрд▓्рдпाрд╡рд░ резреж рддे резрел рдоिрдиिрдЯे рдеांрдмूрди рдордЧ рд╕्рд╡рддःрд▓ाрдЪ рдк्рд░рд╢्рди рд╡िрдЪाрд░ाрд╡ा, “рдЕрдЬूрди рдЦрд░ोрдЦрд░ рднूрдХ рдЖрд╣े рдХा?” рдЬрд░ рдЙрдд्рддрд░ “рдиाрд╣ी” рдоिрд│ाрд▓े рддрд░ рд▓рдЧेрдЪ рдкрдбрдд्рдпा рдлрд│ाрдЪी рдЖрдЬ्рдЮा рд╕рдордЬूрди ‘рдмрд╕्рд╕’ рдХрд░ा.


резреи) рдЬाрд╕्рдд рдЬेрд╡рдг рдШेрдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕рд╡рдп рдЪрд░рдмी рд╡ाрдврдг्рдпाрдЪे рдХाрд░рдг рдЖрд╣े. рдХ्рд░рдоाрдХ्рд░рдоाрдиे рдЖрд╣ाрд░ рдЪाрд░ рдШाрд╕ рдХрдоी рдШेрдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕рд╡рдп рдХेрд▓ी рддрд░ рдердХрд╡ा рди рдЬाрдгрд╡рддा рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рд░ाрд╣ूрди рд╕्рд╡ाрд╕्рде्рдп рдЙрдд्рддрдо рд░ाрд╣рддे.

резрей) ‘рднाрдд рдЦाрдг्рдпाрдоुрд│े рд╡рдЬрди рд╡ाрдврддे’ рдЕрд╕ा рдПрдХ рдЧैрд░рд╕рдордЬ рд╕рд░्рд╡рдд्рд░ рдЖрдврд│рддो. рднाрдд рд╣े рджрдХ्рд╖िрдг рднाрд░рддीрдпांрдЪे рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдЕрди्рди рдЖрд╣े рд╡ рдЧрд╡्рд╣ाрдЪे рдкрджाрд░्рде рдкंрдЬाрдм рдХिंрд╡ा рдЙрдд्рддрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдпांрдЪे. рдЕंрдЧрдХाрдаीрдЪा рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдХेрд▓्рдпाрд╕ рджрдХ्рд╖िрдг рднाрд░рддीрдпांрдЪी рдПрдХूрдг рдк्рд░рдХृрддी рдмाрд░ीрдХ рдЕрд╕рддे рддрд░ рдЙрдд्рддрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдпांрдЪे рд╡рдЬрди рдХाрдп рдХिंрд╡ा рдПрдХंрджрд░ рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдЬाрд╕्рдд рдзрдбрдзाрдХрдЯ рджिрд╕рддे. рддांрджрд│ाрдЪ्рдпा рд╢ेрддीрд╕ाрдаी рдЖрдгि рдк्рд░рдд्рдпрдХ्рд╖ рднाрдд рд╢िрдЬрд╡рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рднрд░рдкूрд░ рдкрдгी рд▓ाрдЧрддे. рдд्рдпाрдоुрд│े рднाрдд рдкोрдЯाрдд рдЧेрд▓्рдпाрд╡рд░ рдкोрдЯ рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рднрд░рд▓्рдпाрд╕ाрд░рдЦे рд╡ाрдЯрддे рдЦрд░े рдкрдг рдд्рдпाрдордзूрди рдкोрд╖рдХ рдЕंрд╢ рдлाрд░ рдХрдоी рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрдд рдШेрддрд▓े рдЬाрддाрдд. рддांрджूрд│ рдХोрд░рдбे рднाрдЬूрди рдеोрдбे рддांрдмुрд╕ рдЭाрд▓्рдпाрд╡рд░ рдд्рдпाрдЪा рднाрдд рдХрд░ाрд╡ा. рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рд╣ा рдкрдЪाрдпрд▓ा рд╣рд▓рдХा рднाрдд рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рдлाрд░ рдЙрдкрдпोрдЧी рд╣ोрддो. рд╡्рдпрд╡рд╕्рдеिрдд рдЬेрд╡рдг рдЭाрд▓्рдпाрдиंрддрд░ рднाрдд рдЦाрдг्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдоाрдд्рд░ рдоेрдж рд╡ाрдврддो рдХाрд░рдг рдкाрдЪрдХ рд╕्рдд्рд░ाрд╡ांрдиा рдеंрдб рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдХिрдордпा рд╣्рдпा ‘рд╢ेрд╡рдЯрдЪ्рдпा рднाрддाрдоुрд│े’ рд╣ोрддे. рдХेрд╡рд│ рднाрдд рдЦाрдКрди рд╡рдЬрди рд╡ाрдврдд рдиाрд╣ी рд╣े рд▓рдХ्рд╖ाрдд рдаेрд╡ाрд╡े.

резрек) рджिрд╡рд╕ाрддूрди рдХिрддी рд╡ेрд│ा рдЖрд╣ाрд░ рдШ्рдпाрд╡ा рд╣्рдпा рд╡िрд╖рдпी рдЕрдиेрдХ рдорддрднेрдж рдЖрдврд│рддाрдд. рдХोрдгी рд╕ांрдЧрддाрдд “рдеोрдб्рдпा-рдеोрдб्рдпा рд╡ेрд│ाрдиे рдеोрдбाрдеोрдбा рдЖрд╣ाрд░ рдШ्рдпाрд╡ा” рддрд░ рдХोрдгाрдЪ्рдпा рдорддे “рдард░ाрд╡िрдХ рд╡ेрд│ी рдкोрдЯрднрд░ рдЬेрд╡ाрд╡े”. рдЕрд╢ा рд╡ेрд│ी рдХाрдп рдмрд░ोрдмрд░ рд╡ рдХाрдп рдиाрд╣ी рдЕрд╢ी рд╢ंрдХा рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпा рдордиाрдд рдирдХ्рдХीрдЪ рдШрд░ рдХрд░ूрди рд░ाрд╣ाрдд рдЕрд╕ेрд▓. рдЕрд╢ा рд╕ंрдн्рд░рдоाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡ेрд│ी ‘рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджाрдЪी рд╢िрдХрд╡рдг рдпोрдЧ्рдп’ рдЕрд╕ेрдЪ рдоाрдиाрд╡े. рдЖрдпुрд░्рд╡ेрджाрдд “рдпाрдо рдордз्рдпे рди рднोрдХ्рддрд╡्рдпं, рдпाрдо рдпुрдЧ्рдоं рди рд▓ंрдШрдпेрдд्” рдЕрд╕ा рд╢्рд▓ोрдХ рдЖрд╣े. рд╣्рдпाрдЪा рдЕрд░्рдеः “рдЪाрд░ рддाрд╕ांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдзी рдХाрд╣ी рдЦाрдК рдирдпे рд╡ рдЖрда рддाрд╕ांрдкेрдХ्рд╖ा рдЬाрд╕्рдд рд╡ेрд│ рдЙрдкाрд╢ी рд░ाрд╣ू рдирдпे.

резрел) рдордж्рдпрдкाрди рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЖрд╡рдб рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рдд्рдпाрд╡िрд╖рдпी рдеोрдбी рд╢ाрд╕्рдд्рд░ीрдп рдоाрд╣ीрддी: рдордж्рдпрдкाрди рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рднाрд░рддाрдд рдкрдз्рджрдд рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдзी рдШेрдКрди рдиंрддрд░рдЪ рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪा рдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд░рдо рдЕрд╕рддो. рдордж्рдпрдкाрдирда ? рдоुрд│े рдкाрдЪрдХ-рд╕्рд░ाрд╡ рд╡ाрдврддाрдд рд╡ рдкрд░िрдгाрдоी рднूрдХ рд╡ाрдврддे рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рдЬрд░ुрд░ी рдкेрдХ्рд╖ा рдЬाрд╕्рдд рдЖрд╣ाрд░ рдШेрддрд▓ा рдЬाрддो. рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рдиंрддрд░ рдордж्рдпрдкाрди рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдоुрд│े рд╡ाрдврд▓ेрд▓े рдкाрдЪрдХ-рд╕्рд░ाрд╡ рд╣े рдЕрди्рди рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ाрдд рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рдкрдЪрд╡рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЙрдкрдпोрдЧी рдкрдбрддाрдд. рд╢िрд╡ाрдп рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдзी рдХेрд▓ेрд▓्рдпा рдордж्рдпрдкाрдиा рдоुрд│े рд╕рд░्рд╡ рдЕрди्рдирдШрдЯрдХ рдоेрджाрдд рд░ूрдкांрддрд░िрдд рд╣ोрддाрдд рдЕрд╕े рд╢ाрд╕्рдд्рд░ीрдп рдк्рд░рдпोрдЧांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдзाрд░े рд╕िрдз्рдж рдЭाрд▓े рдЖрд╣े. рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рдордж्рдпрдкाрди рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЖрд╡рдб рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ेрд▓्рдпांрдиी рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдиंрддрд░рдЪ рдордж्рдпрдкाрди рдХрд░ाрд╡े. рдЬ्рдпांрдиा рдЪрд░рдмी рд╡ाрдврд╡рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЗрдЪ्рдЫा рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рдд्рдпांрдиी рдЬेрд╡рдгाрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдзी рдШेрдКрди рдЪाрд▓ेрд▓.

резрем) рдХрдбрдзाрди्рдпां рдмрдж्рджрд▓ рдеोрдбрдХ्рдпाрдд: рдоोрдб рдЖрд▓ेрд▓ी рдХрдбрдзाрди्рдп рд╕्рд╡ाрд╕्рде्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЙрдд्рддрдо рдЕрд╕े рдЖрдкрдг рдЕрдиेрдХ рдаिрдХाрдгी рд╡ाрдЪрд▓े рдЕрд╕ेрд▓. рдХाрд╣ी рдЕंрд╢ी рд╣े рдЦрд░े рдЖрд╣े. рдд्рдпाрддीрд▓ рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪा рдоुрдж्рджा рдЕрд╕ा рдХी рдЬ्рдпा рд╡рдпाрдд рдкрдЪрди рд╢рдХ्рддी рдЙрдд्рддрдо рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рдХिंрд╡ा рдиिрдпрдоिрдд рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдо рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╕рд╡рдп рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░рдЪ рдоोрдб рдЖрд▓ेрд▓ी рдХрдбрдзाрди्рдп рдЦाрд╡ीрдд. рд╡рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рекрел-релреж рдиंрддрд░ рд╣ी рдХрдбрдзाрди्рдп рдд्рд░ाрд╕рджाрдпрдХ рдард░рддाрдд. рд╣्рдпा рд╡рдпा рдиंрддрд░ ‘рднрд░्рдЬिрдд’ рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рднाрдЬрд▓ेрд▓े рдзाрди्рдпрдЪ рдЖрд╣ाрд░ाрдд рд╡ाрдкрд░ाрд╡े. рднाрдЬрд▓ेрд▓्рдпा рдзाрди्рдпाрд▓ा рдХिрддीрд╣ी рднिрдЬрд╡рд▓े рддрд░ी рдоोрдб рдпेрдд рдиाрд╣ीрдд. рдоेрдж рдХिंрд╡ा рдЪрд░рдмी рд╡िрд╖рдпी рдЬाрдЧрд░ूрдХ рдЕрд╕рд▓ेрд▓्рдпांрдиी рдХрдбрдзाрди्рдп рдЯाрд│рдгे рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪे рдЖрд╣े. рд╣्рдпा рдЙрд▓рдЯ рд╡рдЬрди рд╡ाрдврд╡рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдХрдбрдзाрди्рдпांрдЪा рд╡ाрдкрд░ рдЖрд╣ाрд░ाрдд рдиिрдпрдоिрддрдкрдгे рдХрд░ाрд╡ा.

резрен) рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдо рдХрд╕ा, рдХोрдгрддा рд╡ рдХिрддी рдХрд░ाрд╡ा: рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдоाрдЪे рдлाрдпрджे рд╕ांрдЧрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЧрд░рдЬрдЪ рдиाрд╣ी. рд╣्рдпा рд╡िрд╖рдпा рдмрдж्рджрд▓ рдХाрд╣ी рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЧोрд╖्рдЯी рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे, рдХोрдг рдХिрддी рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдо рдХрд░рддो рд╣्рдпा рдкрдХ्рд╖ा рдд्рдпाрдд рдХिрддी рдиिрдпрдоिрддрдкрдгा рдЖрд╣े рд╣े рд╕рд░्рд╡ाрдд рдорд╣рдд्рд╡ाрдЪे. рд╡рдЬрди рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдХрд╢ा рдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪे рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдо рдХрд░ाрд╡ेрдд? рд╢рд░ीрд░ाрдд рдоेрдж рдХुрдаे рд╕ाрдарддो? рдЪрд░рдмीрдЪ्рдпा рдкेрд╢ी рдХुрдаे рдЬрдоा рд╣ोрддाрдд? рдХाрд╣ी рдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪे рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдо рдорд╕्рддрдкैрдХी рднूрдХ рд╡ाрдврд╡рддाрдд рддрд░ рдХाрд╣ी рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдо рдЪрд░рдмी рд╣рдЯрд╡рддाрдд. рдд्рд╡рдЪा рдЖрдгि рдоांрд╕рдзाрддू рдЪ्рдпा рдордзे рд╣्рдпा рдЪрд░рдмीрдЪ्рдпा рдкेрд╢ी рджрдмा рдзрд░ूрди рдЕрд╕рддाрдд. рдд्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдоांрд╕рдкेрд╢ींрдиा рдкीрд│ рдкрдбेрд▓ рдЕрд╕े рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдо рдЪрд░рдмी рд╣рдЯрд╡рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЙрдд्рддрдо. рдУрд▓ा рдХрдкрдбा рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рд╕ुрдХрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЬी рдк िрд│рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдкрдз्рджрдд рдЖрд╣े рддрд╢ी рд╣ी рд╡्рдпाрдпाрдоाрдЪी рдХ्рд░िрдпा рдХрд░ाрд╡ी.

Source :http://pimparud.blogspot.com/2009/12/blog-post.html

Wednesday, November 13, 2013

White Rice and Diebetes

Does White Rice Increase Your Risk For Diabetes?

White rice might be pleasing to the palate, but it could also significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.

A Harvard School of Public Health study has found evidence of the association between eating white rice and the risk of type 2 diabetes.

The study seeks to determine whether this risk is dependent on the amount of rice consumed and if the association is stronger for the Asian population, who tend to eat more white rice than the Western world.

The authors analysed the results of four studies: Two in Asian (China and Japan) and two in Western countries (US and Australia). All participants were diabetes free at study baseline, reports the British Medical Journal.

White rice is the predominant type of rice eaten worldwide and has high Glycemic Index (GI) values. High GI diets are tied with a greater risk of type 2 diabetes, according to a Harvard statement.

GI indicates how fast and how high a particular food can raise our blood glucose (blood sugar) level. A food with a low GI will typically prompt a moderate rise in blood glucose while a food with a high GI may cause our blood glucose level to increase above the optimal level.

The average amount of rice eaten varies widely between Western and Asian countries, with the Chinese population eating an average of four portions a day and those in the Western world eating less than five portions a week.

The results also show that the more white rice eaten, the higher the risk of type 2 diabetes: the authors estimate that the risk of type 2 diabetes is increased by 10 percent with each increased serving of white rice (assuming 158 grams per serving).

White rice has a lower content of nutrients than brown rice, including fibre, magnesium and vitamins, some of which are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The authors report, therefore, that a high consumption of white rice may lead to increased risk because of the low intake of these nutrients.

Sourced from: http://www.saffolalife.com/gethealthy/dietandnutrition/does-white-rice-increase-your-risk-for-diabetes-article-njcnQuhghbacb.html

Heart Healthy foods

Kitchen Secrets-Indian Foods That Are Good For The Heart


Did you know that cardiovascular disease is considered as one of the major killer diseases in the world? While lack of physical activity and stress could be some of the reasons, only exercising may not be sufficient to maintain a healthy heart.

Eating the right kind of food is important to keep your blood pressure and cholesterol levels under control.
Here’s a list of foods, which are readily available in your kitchen and good for heart:



Sweet potatoes
Sweet potatoes are packed with vitamin A, fibre and lycopene and help reduce the risk of developing heart disease. They are also an excellent source of potassium that help in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the body which is necessary for regulating blood pressure. Having sweet potatoes can actually help prevent an onset of heart attack.



Whole grains
Whole grains such as brown rice, oats, ragi, jowar, bajra and barley are a boon for your heart. They are an excellent source of fibre as well as other nutrients that help regulate your blood pressure. The plant sterols in the whole grains play an important role in lowering your cholesterol. As these grains are full of fibre, they provide a feeling of fullness with very few calories, help in weight management and a healthy heart.
Here’s a tip – Grind flaxseed in a food processor and add it to all your curries, cereals and soups. Flax seeds are packed with omega-3 fatty acids, which can lower your cholesterol levels.


Chilli powder
We all use chilli powder in most of our curries. If you don’t, it’s time you did! Chilli powder is known to prevent blood from clotting, keeps blood thin, reduces cholesterol level in the blood and therefore reduces your risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.



Nuts
Nutritionists say that people who make nuts a part of their daily diet can lower their ‘bad’ cholesterol level in the blood. So, eat almonds, walnuts, pumpkin seeds and sunflower seeds every day. Have nuts for a snack during your mid-day or coffee break. If you are up late and working, munch on them instead of a bag of potato chips.
The ‘good’ fats in the nuts lower your cholesterol levels, the vitamin E in it stops plaque from developing in your arteries, which may lead to chest pain or a heart attack.



Green veggies
Leafy vegetables such as spinach (palak), fenugreek (methi), radish leaves are low in calories and high in dietary fibre. They are also packed with potassium, calcium and folic acid. Studies have shown that these nutrients in the green leafy vegetables help in lowering the risk of heart diseases by nearly 11 per cent.


Rajma (kidney beans)
Rajma, also known as kidney beans is a rich source of folic acid, antioxidants and magnesium. These nutrients are excellent for lowering your blood pressure and cholesterol. Rajma is very low in calories and a great addition to your diet if you are working towards maintaining a healthy heart. The soluble fibre in the kidney beans stops the bile acids from turning into cholesterol and thus preventing the possibilities of heart attack or stroke.
 

Monday, November 11, 2013

Protein needs


Protein: Are You Getting Enough?

 

How Much Is Enough?

Protein requirements are complicated because the amount we need changes with age.
  • Infants require about 10 grams a day.
  • Teenage boys need up to 52 grams a day.
  • Teenage girls need 46 grams a day.
  • Adult men need about 56 grams a day.
  • Adult women need about 46 grams a day.
One important exception is pregnant or lactating women. The recommended intake for them rises to 71 grams of protein a day.
Another way to look at protein requirements is as a percentage of calories. The Institute of Medicine recommends we get at least 10% and no more than 35% of calories from protein.
Most people get enough protein, but some might do well to add a few additional sources.
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey showed that 7.7% of adolescent females and about 8% of older adult women weren't getting the minimum recommended amount of protein.
As a proportion of total calories, the median intake of protein in children was 13.4%, below the ideal range. Men aged 51 to 70 consumed 16% of their calories in protein, also a little below the recommended amount.

The Risks of Too Little Protein

That shortfall could mean trouble. Protein is important to many physiological functions from building and maintaining muscle and bone to keeping cells in good working order.
Recent studies suggest that protein makes a meal more satisfying, which in turn could help people maintain a healthy weight. Indeed, a 2005 study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that increasing protein from 15% to 30% of total calories -- and reducing fat from 35% to 20% of calories -- resulted in sustained weight loss.

Choosing the Healthiest Sources of Protein

A wide variety of foods -- from meat, fish, and dairy to beans, whole grains, nuts, eggs, and vegetables -- contain protein. A meat-eater can easily get all the protein he or she needs. But even vegetarians can meet their requirements if they choose with a little care.
How healthy a protein-rich food is typically depends on what else it contains. For example:
  • Meat is one of the leading sources of protein in the American diet. Some meat is also loaded with saturated fat, which is unhealthy. The healthiest choice is lean meat low in saturated fat.
  • Fish is an excellent source of protein and the oils contained in fish help protect against heart disease.
  • Eggs are also abundant in protein, although they also contain dietary cholesterol -- up to 185 mg for a large egg.
  • Plants such as beans and nuts are a particularly wise choice for protein since so many Americans fall short on fiber. Both beans and nuts are rich in fiber and plant-based phytochemicals that may help lower heart disease and cancer risk.

Choosing the Healthiest Sources of Protein continued...

Some studies suggest that plant-based proteins are healthier than those from animals. For instance, researchers studying diet and health in rural China found that low rates of heart disease were associated with consumption of plant-based rather than animal-based protein. In a study of older men in the U.S., protein from beef was more likely than soy-based protein to raise cholesterol levels.
Many of us would do well to tip the balance of our diets away from high-fat meat and toward lean meats and plant-based protein such as beans and nuts. But in the end, most nutritionists agree the healthiest approach is to choose from a variety of protein sources. If you're watching your weight, try including a source of protein with every meal. Doing so can help you feel full longer.